Name at least 3 possible confounding factors that would make it difficult to establish a causal connection between maternal health literacy and child participation in welfare programs. Explain why you think they would be confounding factors.

Please read the following article. Note: There is a second study at the bottom of that article — you can ignore the one about the effect of green buildings.
Pati, S., Mohamad, Z., Cnaan, A., Kavanagh, J., & Shea, J.. (2010). Influence of Maternal Health Literacy on Child Participation in Social Welfare Programs: The Philadelphia Experience. American Journal of Public Health, 100(9), 1662-5.  Retrieved February 1, 2011 from Proquest.
Introduce and briefly describe the study in one paragraph.
Name at least 3 possible confounding factors that would make it difficult to establish a causal connection between maternal health literacy and child participation in welfare programs. Explain why you think they would be confounding factors.
Please refrain from stating opinions on this issue; just name and describe the variables that would confound the findings.
ASSIGNMENT EXPECTATIONS:  Please read before completing assignments.
Assignment should be approximately 1 – 2 pages in length (double-spaced).
Please use major sections corresponding to the major points of the assignment, and where appropriate use sub-sections (with headings).
Remember to write in a scientific manner (try to avoid using the first person except when describing a relevant personal experience).

Quoted material should not exceed 10% of the total paper (since the focus of these assignments is on independent thinking and critical analysis).  Use your own words and build on the ideas of others.
When material is copied verbatim from external sources, it MUST be properly cited.  This means that material copied verbatim must be enclosed in quotes and the reference should be cited either within the text or with a footnote.
Use of peer-reviewed articles is strongly recommended. Websites as references must be credible and should be minimal.
Cite references within the body of the paper as well as listing them at the end. Use APA style.

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